He aha te elastomer polyurethane thermoplastic?

He aha te elastomer polyurethane thermoplastic?

Ko te elastomer polyurethane he momo rauemi hangai polyurethane (ko ētahi atu momo e pā ana ki te pahuka polyurethane, te piri polyurethane, te paninga polyurethane me te muka polyurethane), ā, ko te elastomer polyurethane thermoplastic tētahi o ngā momo elastomer polyurethane e toru, e kiia ana e te tangata ko te TPU (ko ētahi atu momo elastomer polyurethane matua e rua ko ngā elastomer polyurethane maka, e whakarapopototia ana ko te CPU, me ngā elastomer polyurethane whakauru, e whakarapopototia ana ko te MPU).

He momo elastomer polyurethane te TPU ka taea te whakakirikiri mā te whakamahana me te whakarewa mā te whakarewa. Ki te whakatauritea ki te CPU me te MPU, he iti noa iho, kāore rānei he hononga matū o te TPU i roto i tōna hanganga matū. He rārangi noa iho tōna mekameka ngota, engari he iti noa iho te hononga ā-tinana. Koinei te elastomer polyurethane Thermoplastic he tino āhuatanga tōna hanganga.

Hanganga me te whakarōpūtanga o te TPU

Ko te elastomer polyurethane thermoplastic he pūmua raina poraka (AB). Ko A te tohu o te pūmua polyol (ester, polyether rānei, te taumaha ngota o te 1000~6000) me te taumaha ngota teitei, e kiia nei ko te mekameka roa; ko B te tohu o te diol kei roto 2-12 ngā ngota waro mekameka tika, e kiia nei ko te mekameka poto.

I roto i te hanganga o te elastomer polyurethane Thermoplastic, ka kiia te wāhanga A he wāhanga ngohengohe, he āhua ngāwari, he ngāwari hoki, ka taea ai te whakawhānui i te TPU; ko te mekameka urethane i hangaia e te tauhohenga i waenga i te wāhanga B me te isocyanate ka kiia he wāhanga mārō, he āhua pakari, he āhua mārō hoki. Mā te whakarerekē i te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga A me B, ka hangaia ngā hua TPU me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-pūkaha rerekē.

E ai ki te hanganga wāhanga ngohengohe, ka taea te wehewehe ki te momo polyester, te momo polyether, me te momo butadiene, kei roto i ēnei he rōpū ester, he rōpū ether, he rōpū butene rānei. E ai ki te hanganga wāhanga mārō, ka taea te wehewehe ki te momo urethane me te momo urethane urea, e ahu mai ana i ngā whakaroa mekameka ethylene glycol, i ngā whakaroa mekameka diamine rānei. Ko te whakarōpūtanga noa ko te momo polyester me te momo polyether.

He aha ngā rauemi mata mō te hanga TPU?

(1) Diol Pūmua

Ko te diol macromolecular me te taumaha ngota i waenga i te 500 ki te 4000 me ngā rōpū bifunctional, me te ihirangi o te 50% ki te 80% i roto i te elastomer TPU, he mea nui ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū o te TPU.

Ko te Diol polymer e tika ana mō te elastomer TPU ka taea te wehewehe ki te polyester me te polyether: kei roto i te polyester te polytetramethylene Adipic acid glycol (PBA) ε PCL, PHC; kei roto i ngā polyether te polyoxypropylene ether glycol (PPG), te tetrahydrofuran polyether glycol (PTMG), me ētahi atu.

(2) Diisocyanate

He iti te taumaha ngota engari he tino pai te mahi, ehara i te mea ko te hono i te wāhanga ngohengohe me te wāhanga mārō anake, engari he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te TPU. Ko ngā diisocyanate e tika ana mō te TPU ko: Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), methylene bis (-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI), p-phenyldiisocyanate (PPDI), 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), p-phenyldimethyl diisocyanate (PXDI), me ētahi atu.

(3) Whakaroa mekameka

Ko te mekameka whakaroa me te taumaha ngota o te 100 ~ 350, nō te Diol ngota iti, te taumaha ngota iti, te hanganga mekameka tuwhera, me te kore rōpū whakakapinga, e pai ana mō te whiwhi i te pakeke teitei me te taumaha tauine teitei o te TPU. Ko ngā mekameka whakaroa e tika ana mō te TPU ko te 1,4-butanediol (BDO), 1,4-bis (2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HQEE), 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM), p-phenyldimethylglycol (PXG), me ētahi atu.

Te Whakarerekētanga o te Whakamahinga o te TPU hei Āwhina Whakapakari

Hei whakaiti i ngā utu hua, hei whakapiki ake hoki i te mahi, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā elastomers thermoplastic polyurethane hei whakapakari i ngā rauemi thermoplastic me ngā rauemi rapa kua whakarerekētia.

Nā te teitei o te polarity, ka taea e te polyurethane te hototahi ki ngā kapia polar, ki ngā rapa rānei, pērā i te polyethylene chlorinated (CPE), ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga hua hauora; Mā te whakaranu ki te ABS ka taea te whakakapi i ngā thermoplastics hangarau hei whakamahi; Ina whakamahia ngātahi me te polycarbonate (PC), he āhuatanga ōna pērā i te ātete hinu, te ātete wahie, me te ātete pānga, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga tinana waka; Ina honoa ki te polyester, ka taea te whakapai ake i tōna pakari; Hei tāpiri, ka taea te hototahi pai ki te PVC, Polyoxymethylene, PVDC rānei; Ka taea e te polyurethane polyester te hototahi pai ki te rapa Nitrile 15%, te ranunga rapa nitrile/PVC 40% rānei; Ka taea hoki e te polyurethane polyether te hototahi pai ki te piripiri ranunga rapa nitrile/polyvinyl chloride 40%; Ka taea hoki te hototahi tahi me ngā copolymers acrylonitrile styrene (SAN); Ka taea e ia te hanga hanganga whatunga interpenetrating (IPN) me ngā polysiloxanes tauhohe. Ko te nuinga o ngā piripiri whakaranu kua whakahuatia ake nei kua oti kē te whakaputa mana.

I ngā tau tata nei, kua piki haere te rangahau mō te whakapakari i te POM mā te TPU i Haina. Ko te whakaranu o te TPU me te POM ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te ātete pāmahana teitei me ngā āhuatanga miihini o te TPU, engari ka whakapakari nui hoki i te POM. Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi kairangahau i roto i ngā whakamātautau pakaru kume, ki te whakatauritea ki te matrix POM, kua neke te koranu POM me te TPU mai i te pakaru pakarukaru ki te pakaru ngāwari. Mā te tāpiri o te TPU ka whakawhiwhia hoki te POM ki te mahi mahara āhua. Ko te rohe tioata o te POM hei wāhanga pumau o te koranu mahara āhua, ko te rohe koretake o te TPU koretake me te POM hei wāhanga whakahurihuri. Ina 165 ℃ te pāmahana urupare whakaora, ā, 120 hēkona te wā whakaora, ka eke te tere whakaora o te koranu ki runga ake i te 95%, ā, ko te pānga whakaora te mea pai rawa atu.

He uaua te hototahi o te TPU ki ngā rauemi polymer kore-polar pērā i te polyethylene, te polypropylene, te rapa Ethylene propylene, te rapa butadiene, te rapa isoprene, te paura rapa para rānei, ā, kāore e taea te whakamahi hei hanga i ngā mea honohono me te mahi pai. Nō reira, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā tikanga maimoatanga mata pērā i te plasma, te corona, te matū mākū, te primer, te mura, te hau tauhohe rānei mō ēnei mea whakamutunga. Hei tauira, kua whakahaerehia e te American Air Products and Chemicals Company te maimoatanga mata hau hohe F2/O2 ki runga i te paura pai polyethylene taumaha ngota tino teitei me te taumaha ngota o te 3-5 miriona, ā, kua tāpirihia ki te polyurethane elastomer i te ōwehenga o te 10%, ka taea te whakapai ake i tōna modulus Flexural, te kaha kume me te ātete kakahu. Ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te maimoatanga mata hau hohe F2/O2 ki ngā muka poto e toro ana te ahunga me te roa o te 6-35mm, ka taea te whakapai ake i te pakari me te pakari haehae o te rauemi honohono.

He aha ngā wāhi tono o TPU?

I te tau 1958, i rēhitatia e Goodrich Chemical Company (ināianei ko Lubrizol) te waitohu TPU Estane mō te wā tuatahi. I roto i ngā tau 40 kua pahure ake nei, neke atu i te 20 ngā waitohu kua puta i te ao, ā, he maha ngā raupapa hua o ia waitohu. I tēnei wā, ko ngā kaihanga rauemi mata TPU matua o te ao ko: BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, McKinsey, Golding, me ētahi atu.

Hei elastomer tino pai, he whānuitanga ngā hua o te TPU, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mahi o ia rā, ngā taonga hākinakina, ngā taonga takaro, ngā rauemi whakapaipai, me ētahi atu mara. Kei raro nei ētahi tauira.

① Ngā rauemi hu

Ko te TPU te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana mō ngā rauemi hu nā tōna ngāwari me tōna ātete ki te kakahu. He pai ake te mau i ngā hua hu kei roto te TPU i ngā hua hu noa, nō reira he whānui ake te whakamahinga i roto i ngā hua hu papai, inā koa ko ētahi hu hākinakina me ngā hu noa.

② Ngā ngongo

Nā tōna ngawari, tōna kaha kume, tōna kaha pānga, me tōna ātete ki ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā pāmahana iti, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā ngongo TPU i Haina hei ngongo hau me te hinu mō ngā taputapu mīhini pēnei i te waka rererangi, ngā tāke, ngā motuka, ngā motopaika, me ngā taputapu mīhini.

③ Taura

Ka whakaratohia e te TPU te ātete ki te haehae, te ātete ki te kakahu, me ngā āhuatanga piko, ko te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei me te pāmahana iti te mea nui ki te mahi a te taura. Nō reira, i roto i te mākete Haina, ka whakamahia e ngā taura matatau pēnei i ngā taura whakahaere me ngā taura hiko ngā TPU hei tiaki i ngā rauemi paninga o ngā hoahoa taura uaua, ā, kei te whānui haere te whakamahinga o aua tono.

④ Ngā taputapu hauora

He rauemi whakakapi PVC haumaru, pumau, kounga teitei hoki te TPU, kāore e whai Phthalate me ētahi atu matū kino, ā, ka heke ki te toto, ki ētahi atu wai rānei i roto i te catheter hauora, i te putea hauora rānei, ka puta ai ngā pānga taha. Heoi anō, ka taea te whakamahi ngāwari i te TPU kounga extrusion me te kounga werohanga motuhake mā te iti o te whakatikatika i roto i ngā taputapu PVC o nāianei.

⑤ Ngā waka me ētahi atu momo kawe waka

Mā te whakaputa me te pani i ngā taha e rua o te papanga nairona ki te elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane, ka taea te hanga i ngā waka whakaeke pupuhi me ngā waka tirotiro e kawe ana i te 3-15 tāngata, me te mahi pai ake i ngā waka pupuhi rapa whakamomona; Ka taea te whakamahi i te elastomer thermoplastic polyurethane i whakapakaritia ki te muka karāhe hei hanga i ngā wāhanga tinana pēnei i ngā wāhanga i hangaia ki ngā taha e rua o te motuka, ngā kiri tatau, ngā parepare, ngā rīpene ārai-waku, me ngā mata.