Kua whakaaro kē koe he aha te take e kaha haere ana te hangarau tā 3D, e whakakapi ana hoki i ngā hangarau hanga tawhito?
Ki te whakarārangihia ngā take e puta ai tēnei panonitanga, ka tīmata te rārangi me te whakaritenga. Kei te rapu te iwi i te whakaritenga whaiaro. Kāore rātou i te aro nui ki te whakaritenga paerewa.
Nā tēnei panonitanga o ngā whanonga a te tangata, me te kaha o te hangarau tā 3D ki te whakatutuki i te hiahia o te tangata mō te whakawhaiaro, mā te whakaritenga, ka taea e ia te whakakapi i ngā hangarau hangahanga e hangai ana ki te paerewa tuku iho.
He mea huna te ngāwari o te tangata i muri i te rapu a te tangata i te whakawhaiaro. Ā, ko te mea kei te wātea ngā rauemi tā 3D ngāwari i te mākete e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te whakawhanake i ngā wāhanga ngāwari ake me ngā tauira mahi he puna harikoa mō ētahi kaiwhakamahi.
Ko te tauira tānga-3D me ngā ringa hangai tānga-3D he tauira o ngā tono e tika ana kia maioha ki te ngāwari o te tānga-3D.
He kaupapa rangahau tonu te tā rapa 3D, ā, kāore anō kia whakawhanakehia. Engari i tēnei wā, kāore anō kia whai hangarau tā rapa 3D, ā, kia tino taea rā anō te tā rapa, me rapu huarahi kē atu tātou.
E ai ki ngā rangahau, ko ngā momo rauemi rerekē e tata ana ki te rapa ko ngā Thermoplastic Elastomers. E whā ngā momo rauemi ngāwari ka tirohia e tātou i roto i tēnei tuhinga.
Ko ēnei rauemi tā 3D ngāwari ko TPU, TPC, TPA, me Soft PLA. Ka tīmata mātou mā te whakamārama poto mō ngā rauemi tā 3D ngāwari whānui.
Ko tēhea te miro tino ngāwari?
Mā te whiriwhiri i ngā miro ngāwari mō tō kaupapa tānga 3D e whai ake nei ka huaki ake he ao o ngā mea rerekē hei whai māu mō ō tānga.
Ehara i te mea ka taea e koe te tā i ngā momo mea rerekē me tō miro ngohengohe anake, engari ki te mea he pūreretā takirua, he pūreretā maha-upoko rānei tāu kei roto, ka taea e koe te tā i ngā mea whakamiharo mā te whakamahi i tēnei rauemi.
Ka taea te tā i ngā wāhanga me ngā tauira mahi pēnei i ngā tīrai hanga motuhake, ngā pane pōro ahotea, ngā whakamāmā wiri rānei mā te whakamahi i tō pūreretā.
Ki te whakatau koe ki te whakamahi i te miro Flexi hei wāhanga o te tānga i ō mea, ka tino angitu koe ki te whakatutuki i ō whakaaro kia tata ki te ao tūturu.
He maha ngā kōwhiringa e wātea ana i tēnei ao i ēnei rā, ā, he uaua ki te whakaaro i te roanga o te wā kua pahure ake nei i roto i te ao tānga 3D me te korenga o tēnei rauemi tā.
Mō ngā kaiwhakamahi, he mahi uaua te tā me ngā miro ngāwari i taua wā. Nā te maha o ngā āhuatanga i pā ki te meka kotahi, arā, he tino ngohengohe ēnei rauemi, te take i uaua ai te tā.
Nā te ngohengohe o te rauemi tā 3D ngāwari i mōrearea ai te tā ki tētahi pūreretā noa iho, engari, me whakamahi i tētahi mea tino pono.
Ko te nuinga o ngā mīhini tā i taua wā i pāngia e te raruraru o te pana i te pānga aho, nō reira, i ngā wā katoa ka panaia e koe tetahi mea i taua wā me te kore e pakari mā roto i te pūwero, ka piko, ka miro, ka whawhai ki taua mea.
Ka taea e te hunga katoa e mōhio ana ki te ringihanga miro mai i te ngira hei tuitui i tētahi momo kakahu te hono atu ki tēnei āhuatanga.
Haunga te raruraru o te pānga pana, he mahi tino uaua te hanga i ngā miro ngohengohe pērā i te TPE, inā koa he pai ngā manawanui.
Ki te whakaaro koe he ngoikore te manawanui, ā, ka tīmata ki te hanga, tera pea ka ngoikore te tukanga whakapaipai, te aukati, me te whakaputanga o te miro i hangaia e koe.
Kua rerekē ngā āhuatanga, i tēnei wā, he maha ngā momo miro ngohengohe, ko ētahi he āhua pīngore, he rerekē hoki te ngawari. Ko te PLA ngohengohe, te TPU, me te TPE ētahi o ngā tauira.
Te Pakari o te Takutai
He paearu noa tēnei e kitea ana i ngā kaihanga miro e whakahua ana i te taha o te ingoa o ā rātou rauemi tā 3D.
Ko te mārō o te takutai moana te mehua o te ātete o ia rauemi ki te kōhao.
I hangaia tēnei tauine i ngā wā o mua, i te wā kāore i te mōhiotia te pakeke o tētahi rauemi.
Nō reira, i mua i te hanganga o te pakeketanga o Shore, i whakamahia e te tangata ō rātou wheako ki ētahi atu hei whakamārama i te pakeketanga o tētahi rauemi i whakamātautauhia e rātou, kaua e whakahua i tētahi tau.
He mea nui tēnei tauine ina whakaarohia ana ko tēhea rauemi pokepoke hei whiriwhiri mō te hanga i tētahi wāhanga o tētahi tauira mahi.
Hei tauira, ina hiahia koe ki te whiriwhiri i waenga i ngā rapa e rua hei hanga i tētahi pokepokea ai he kanikani tū pāreti, mā te pakeke o te takutai koe e kī kia whai. Ko te rapa poto te pakeke 70 A he iti ake te whai hua i te rapa he pakeke takutai 30 A.
I a koe e mahi ana ki ngā miro, ka mōhio koe ko te pakeke o te takutai e taunakitia ana mō tētahi rauemi ngāwari kei waenga i te 100A ki te 75A.
Nō reira, he mārama ko te rauemi tā 3D ngāwari he 100A te pakeketanga takutai ka mārō ake i te mea he 75A.
Ngā mea hei whakaaroaro māu i te wā e hoko ana i tētahi miro ngāwari?
He maha ngā āhuatanga hei whakaaroaro māu i te wā e hoko ana i tētahi miro, ehara i te mea ko ngā mea ngāwari anake.
Me tīmata koe i tētahi pūwāhi tino nui māu, pērā i te kounga o ngā rauemi, ā, ka hua ake he wāhanga ātaahua o tētahi tauira whai hua.
Me whakaaro koe ki te pono o te mekameka tuku, arā, ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana e koe mō te tānga 3D, me noho tonu hei rauemi e wātea ana, ki te kore, ka mutu ka whakamahia e koe tētahi momo rauemi tānga 3D iti noa iho.
I muri i te whakaaroaro ki ēnei āhuatanga, me whakaaro koe ki te ngāwari o te whakamahi, me te whānuitanga o ngā tae. Nā te mea, kāore e wātea ana ngā rauemi tā 3D ngāwari katoa i te tae e hiahia ana koe ki te hoko.
I muri i te whakaaro ki ēnei āhuatanga katoa, ka taea e koe te whai whakaaro ki te ratonga kiritaki me te utu a te kamupene, ki te whakataurite ki ētahi atu kamupene o te mākete.
Ka whakarārangihia e mātou ētahi o ngā rauemi ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri mō te tā i tētahi wāhanga ngāwari, i tētahi tauira mahi rānei.
Rārangi o ngā Rauemi Tā 3D Ngāwari
He āhuatanga taketake ō ngā rauemi katoa kua whakahuatia i raro nei, arā, he ngāwari, he ngāwari hoki te āhua. He tino pai te ātete ki te ngenge, ā, he pai hoki ngā āhuatanga hiko.
He tino kaha te aukati i te wiri me te pānga. He ātete ēnei rauemi ki ngā matū me te huarere, he pai hoki te ātete ki te haehae me te pakū.
He mea hangarua katoa ēnei, ā, he pai hoki te kaha ki te mimiti i ngā ru.
Ngā whakaritenga mō te pūreretā mō te tā me ngā rauemi tā 3D ngāwari
He paerewa ētahi e tika ana kia whakamahia e koe i mua i te tānga ki ēnei rauemi.
Me noho te awhe pāmahana o te mīhini whakaputa o tō pūreretā i waenga i te 210 me te 260 nekehanga Celsius, ko te awhe pāmahana o te moenga ia me noho mai i te pāmahana taiao ki te 110 nekehanga Celsius i runga i te pāmahana whakawhiti karāhe o te rauemi e hiahia ana koe ki te tā.
Ko te tere tā e taunakitia ana mō te tānga me ngā rauemi ngāwari kei waenga i te rima mirimita ia hekona ki te toru tekau mirimita ia hekona.
Me whakamahi te pūnaha whakaputa o tō pūreretā 3D i tētahi puku tika, ā, me whai pūaha whakamatao koe hei tere ake te tukatuka i muri i ngā wāhanga me ngā tauira mahi e hangaia ana e koe.
Ngā wero i te wā e tā ana me ēnei rauemi
Heoi anō, me mātua whakaaro koe ki ētahi āhuatanga i mua i te tānga ki ēnei rauemi, i runga anō i ngā uauatanga kua pā ki ngā kaiwhakamahi i mua.
-E mōhiotia ana kāore e pai te whakahaere a ngā extruder o te pūreretā i ngā elastomer thermoplastic.
-Ka mimiti i te makuku, nō reira me tumanako ka nui haere te rahi o tō tānga mēnā kāore te miro i te rongoa tika.
-He tairongo ngā elastomers thermoplastic ki ngā nekehanga tere, nō reira ka piko pea ina panaia mā roto i te extruder.
Te Whare Tiaki Tamariki
Ko te TPU he whakarāpopototanga mō te polyurethane thermoplastic. He tino rongonui i te mākete, nō reira, i te wā e hoko ana i ngā miro ngāwari, he nui te tūponotanga ko tēnei rauemi te mea ka kitea e koe i ngā wā katoa, ki te whakaritea ki ētahi atu miro.
He rongonui tēnei i te mākete mō tōna pakari ake, me tōna ngāwari ki te puta atu i ētahi atu miro.
He pai te kaha o tēnei rauemi, ā, he roa hoki te mau. He teitei te awhe ngāwari o tōna mau, kei waenganui i te 600 ki te 700 ōrau.
Ko te pakeke o te takutai o tēnei rauemi kei waenga i te 60 A ki te 55 D. He tino pai te āheinga ki te tā, ā, he āhua mārama.
Nā tōna ātete matū ki te hinu me ngā hinu, he pai ake te whakamahi me ngā pūreretā 3D. He tino ātete tēnei rauemi ki te pakū.
I te wā e tā ana koe me te TPU, me pupuri te pāmahana o tō pūreretā i waenga i te 210 ki te 230 nekehanga Celsius, me te pāmahana moenga i waenga i te pāmahana kore wera ki te 60 nekehanga Celsius.
Ko te tere tā, e ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, me waenga i te rima me te toru tekau mirimita ia hekona, engari mō te piri o te moenga, me whakamahi koe i te rīpene Kapton, i te rīpene peita rānei.
Me whakamahi te pūwhakaputa i tētahi puku tika, ā, kāore i te tūtohutia kia whakamahia te pā whakamatao mō ngā paparanga tuatahi o tēnei pūreretā.
TPC
Ko ēnei te tohu mō te thermoplastic copolyester. He matū, he polyether esters ēnei, he raupapa roa matapōkere rerekē o ngā glycol mekameka roa, poto rānei.
Ko ngā wāhanga mārō o tēnei wāhanga he waeine ester mekameka-poto, ko ngā wāhanga ngohengohe ia he polyethers aliphatic me te polyester glycols.
Nā te mea e kiia ana tēnei rauemi tā 3D ngāwari he rauemi paerewa hangarau, ehara i te mea e kitea pinepinetia ana e koe pērā i te TPU.
He iti te mātotoru o te TPC, ā, kei waenganui i te 300 ki te 350 ōrau te awhe ngāwari. Ko tōna pakeketanga takutai kei waenganui i te 40 ki te 72 D.
He pai te ātete a TPC ki ngā matū, he kaha hoki, he pai hoki te pumau o te wera me te ātete ki te pāmahana.
I a koe e tā ana me te TPC, me pupuri te pāmahana i waenganui i te 220 ki te 260 nekehanga Celsius, te pāmahana moenga i waenganui i te 90 ki te 110 nekehanga Celsius, ā, kia rite te tere tā ki te TPU.
TPA
Ko te matū copolymer o te TPE me te Nylon e kiia nei ko te Thermoplastic Polyamide he huinga o te kakano maeneene me te kanapa i ahu mai i te Nylon me te ngāwari, he painga nui tēnei o te TPE.
He tino ngāwari, he ngāwari hoki tōna i waenga i te 370 me te 497 ōrau, ā, ko te pakeketanga o te takutai moana i waenga i te 75 me te 63 A.
He tino pakari, ā, he rite tonu te kaha ki te tā ki te TPC. He pai tōna ātete wera me te piri o ngā paparanga.
Me noho te pāmahana o te mīhini whakaputa i roto i te pūreretā i waenganui i te 220 ki te 230 nekehanga Celsius i te wā e tā ana i tēnei rauemi, ko te pāmahana ia o te moenga me noho i waenganui i te 30 ki te 60 nekehanga Celsius.
Ka rite tonu te tere tā o tō pūreretā ki tōna tere i tūtohutia mō te tānga i te TPU me te TPC.
Me whakamahi te piri o te moenga pūreretā i te PVA, ā, me whakamahi te pūnaha whakaputa i te taraiwa tika pērā i te Bowden.
Te wā tuku: Hōngongoi-10-2023