Polyurethane Hanga-Polyester (TPU Polyester)

# ## 1. Whakamāramatanga TaketakeTPU hangai-Polyester(Polyester TPU) he momoelastomer polyurethane kirihou wera, he poraka copolymer wāhanga rārangi. Ko ōna wāhanga ngohengohe i ahu mai i ngā **polyols polyester** (hei tauira, polyadipate glycol, PAG), i hangaia e te polycondensation o te waikawa adipic (AA) me ngā diols (hei tauira, 1,4-butanediol, BDO). Ko tētahi o ngā kāwai matua e rua oTe Whare Tiaki Tamariki, me te TPU e hangai ana ki te polyether.

## 2. Hanganga Matū me te Hanganga ### Ngā Rauemi Matua – **Diisocyanate**: Ko te tikanga **4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI)** (≈40% o te hanganga). – **Polyester Polyol (Wāhanga Ngāwari)**: I hangaia mai i **waikawa adipic (AA)** (≈35%) me **1,4-butanediol (BDO)**. – **Whakaroa Mekameka (Wāhanga Mārō)**: Diol mekameka-poto, ko te tikanga **1,4-butanediol (BDO)** (≈25%). ### Tikanga Whakapūhui Ka hangaia te Polyester TPU mā te tauhohenga **whakapūhui whakatipu-taahiraa**: 1. Ka tauhohe te polyester polyol (wāhanga ngāwari) ki te MDI hei hanga i te prepolymer me ngā rōpū pito isocyanate. 2. Kātahi ka whakaroahia te prepolymer ki te mekameka ki te BDO, ka hangaia he **wāhanga mārō** (MDI-BDO) me **wāhanga ngāwari** (polyester polyol). 3. Ka puta te **hononga hauwai i waenga i ngā ngota** kaha i waenganui i ngā rōpū ester polar (-COO-) i ngā wāhanga ngohengohe me ngā rōpū urethane (-NHCOO-) i ngā wāhanga mārō, ka hanga he whatunga hononga ā-tinana.

## 3. Ngā Āhuatanga Matua ### Ngā Āhuatanga Ā-ringa – **Te Kaha o te Kukū me te Haehae**: Pai ake i te polyetherTe Whare Tiaki Tamariki, nā te kaha o ngā taunekeneke porowhita me te hononga hauwai. – **Ātete Pai ki te Waro**: Ko tētahi o ōna āhuatanga tino pai, he mea pai mō ngā tono kakahu roa. – **Ngā Āhuatanga Piko me te Pēhi Pai**: He pakari teitei me te kaha ki te pikau kawenga. – **Awhe Pakari Whānui**: Ka taea te hanga mai i Shore A 60 ki Shore D 80, me te whakataurite i te ngāwari me te pakari. ### Ātete Matū me te Taiao – **Ātete Pai ki te Hinu me te Ngako**: He tino ātete ki ngā whakarewa kore-porowhita, ngā wahie, me ngā hinu whakahinuhinu. – **Ātete Pai ki te Whakarewa**: He ātete ki te maha o ngā whakarewa waro (hei tauira, ngā waipiro, ngā ester). – **Ātete Wera Waenga**: He pumau wera pai, he pai mō te whakamahi tonu i ngā pāmahana tae atu ki te 80–100°C. – **Ātete Waipiro Kino**: Ka ngawari te pakaru o ngā hononga ester e te wai, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao wera, makuku, ka arahi ki te pirau o ngā āhuatanga. – **Ngāwari Iti-Mahana Kino**: Ka pakari, ka pakarukaru i ngā pāmahana i raro i te -20°C. ### Ētahi atu Āhuatanga – **Mārama Pai**: Kei te wātea ngā momo mārama, mārama rānei. – **Hototahi Pai**: Hototahi ki ngā pūmua porotaka pērā i te PVC, e ngāwari ai te whakaranu me te whakarerekē.

## 4. Ngā Whakamahinga Noa He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te Polyester TPU i ngā mara e hiahia ana ki te kaha miihini teitei, te ātete ki te pakū, me te ātete hinu: – **Ahumahi me te Hangarau**: Ngā whitiki kawe, ngā ngongo waipēhi, ngā hiri, ngā gasket, ngā roera, me ngā wāhanga ātete-kakahu. – **Hu**: Ngā kapu o waho, ngā kapu waenga, me ngā wāhanga hu mō te roa me te ātete hinu. – **Motuka**: Te whakapaipai o roto, te uhi taura, ngā uhi pēke hau, me ngā wāhanga pūnaha wahie. – **Ngā Paninga me ngā Piripiri**: Ngā paninga mahi-teitei mō ngā papanga, ngā konganuku, me ngā kirihou; ngā piripiri hanganga. – **Waea me te Taura**: Te uhi mō ngā taura ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te ātete hinu me te pakū. – **Hākinakina me te Wā Whakangahau**: Ngā pūtu reti, ngā wira reti reti, me ngā wāhanga taputapu hākinakina.

## 5. Whakataurite ki te TPU Polyether | Āhuatanga | TPU Polyether | TPU Polyether | |:— |:— |:— | | **Wāhanga Ngāwari** | Polyester polyol (hei tauira, PAG) | Polyether polyol (hei tauira, PTMEG) | | **Kaha Kume** | Teitei | Waenga | | **Ātete ki te Waro** | Tino Pai | Pai | | **Ātete Hinu/Whakarewa** | Tino Pai | Waenga | | **Ātete Wai** | Kino | Tino Pai | | **Ngāwari Pāmahana Iti** | Kino | Tino Pai | | **Utu** | Iti | Teitei |

## 6. Te Tukatuka me te Whakahaere – **Ngā Tikanga Tukatuka**: Ka taea te tukatuka mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga kirihou wera paerewa: te whakahāngai werohanga, te whakaputanga, te whakahāngai pupuhi, me te whakamātao. – **Te Whakaritenga Whakamaroke**: Me whakamaroke rawa (80–100°C mō te 2–4 hāora) i mua i te tukatuka hei ārai i te waikura me te pupuhi. – **Te Pāmahana Whakahāngai**: Ko te tikanga 180–220°C, i runga i te momo me te pakeke motuhake.

## 7. Ngā Painga me ngā Here ### Ngā Painga – He kaha ā-mīhini tino pai me te ātete ki te pakū. – He ātete pai ki te hinu me te matū. – He hototahi pai ki ngā rauemi porowhita. – He iti ake te utu ki te whakataurite ki te TPU polyether.