I te tau 1958, i rēhitatia e Goodrich Chemical Company (ināianei ko Lubrizol) te waitohu TPU Estane mō te wā tuatahi. I roto i ngā tau 40 kua pahure ake nei, neke atu i te 20 ngā waitohu kua puta noa i te ao, ā, he maha ngā raupapa hua o ia waitohu. I tēnei wā, ko ngā kaihanga rauemi mata o TPU ko BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, Wanhua Chemical Group, Shanghai Heng'an, Ruihua, Xuchuan Chemical, me ētahi atu.
1, Kāwai o te TPU
E ai ki te hanganga o te wāhanga ngohengohe, ka taea te wehewehe ki te momo polyester, te momo polyether, me te momo butadiene, kei roto i ēnei ko te rōpū ester, te rōpū ether, te rōpū butene rānei.
E ai ki te hanganga o te wāhanga mārō, ka taea te wehewehe ki te momo urethane me te momo urethane urea, e ahu mai ana i ngā whakaroa mekameka ethylene glycol, i ngā whakaroa mekameka diamine rānei. Ko te whakarōpūtanga whānui e wehea ana ki te momo polyester me te momo polyether.
E ai ki te aroaro, te kore rānei o te hononga-whiti, ka taea te wehewehe ki te kirihou wera-wera parakore me te kirihou haurua-wera.
He hanganga rārangi parakore tō te mea tuatahi, kāore he hononga honohono-whiti; kei roto i te mea tuarua he iti noa ngā hononga honohono-whiti pērā i te Allophanic acid ester.
E ai ki te whakamahinga o ngā hua kua oti, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā wāhanga kua whakarārangihia (ngā momo huānga mīhini), ngā paipa (ngā papa, ngā kōtaha pae), ngā kiriata (ngā rau, ngā pereti angiangi), ngā piripiri, ngā paninga, ngā muka, me ētahi atu.
2, Te Hanganga o te TPU
Nō te polyurethane te TPU e pā ana ki te hanganga ngota. Nā, me pēhea te whakakotahi?
E ai ki ngā tukanga hanga rerekē, ka wehea te nuinga ki te polymerization papatipu me te polymerization otinga.
I roto i te whakapūhui papatipu, ka taea hoki te wehewehe ki te tikanga whakapūhui i mua i te whakapūhui me te tikanga kotahi-taahiraa i runga i te aroaro, te ngaro rānei o te tauhohenga i mua:
Ko te tikanga prepolymerization ko te tauhohenga o te diisocyanate ki ngā macromolecular diols mō tētahi wā i mua i te tāpiri i te toronga mekameka hei whakaputa TPU;
Ko te tikanga kotahi-taahiraa ko te whakaranu me te tauhohe i ngā macromolecular diols, diisocyanates, me ngā whakaroa mekameka hei hanga TPU.
Ko te whakapūhuitanga otinga ko te whakarewa i te diisocyanate ki roto i te whakarewa, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā macromolecular diols hei tauhohe mō tētahi wā, ā, hei whakamutunga, ka tāpirihia ngā whakaroa mekameka hei whakaputa TPU.
Ka pā te momo wāhanga ngohengohe o te TPU, te taumaha ngota ngota, te ihirangi wāhanga mārō, ngohengohe rānei, me te āhua whakahiato TPU ki te mātotoru o te TPU, me te mātotoru tata ki te 1.10-1.25, ā, kāore he rerekētanga nui ki ētahi atu rapa me ngā kirihou.
I te pakeketanga kotahi, he iti iho te mātotoru o te momo TPU polyether i tō te momo TPU polyester.
3, Te tukatuka i te TPU
He maha ngā tukanga e hiahiatia ana mō ngā matūriki TPU hei hanga i te hua whakamutunga, mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga rewa me te otinga mō te tukatuka TPU.
Ko te tukatuka whakarewa he tukanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga kirihou, pērā i te whakaranu, te hurihuri, te whakaputa, te pupuhi, me te whakahāngai;
Ko te tukatuka otinga ko te tukanga o te whakarite i tētahi otinga mā te whakarewa i ngā matūriki ki roto i tētahi whakarewa, te whakakotahi tika rānei i aua matūriki ki roto i tētahi whakarewa, kātahi ka pania, ka mirohia, me ērā atu mea.
Ko te hua whakamutunga i hangaia mai i te TPU kāore e hiahiatia he tauhohenga hononga whakamomona, ka taea ai te whakapoto i te huringa whakaputa me te hangarua i ngā rauemi para.
4, Te Mahi a te TPU
He teitei te modulus o te TPU, he kaha teitei, he roa me te ngāwari, he ātete kakahu pai, he ātete hinu, he ātete pāmahana iti, me te ātete koroheketanga.
Ko te kaha kume teitei, te roa teitei, me te tere whakarerekētanga pumau iti o te pēhanga mo te wā roa, he painga nui katoa ēnei o te TPU.
Ka whakamārama whānuitia e XiaoU ngā āhuatanga ā-pūkaha o te TPU mai i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kaha kume me te roa, te manawanui, te mārō, me ētahi atu.
Te kaha kume teitei me te roa teitei
He tino pai te kaha kume me te roa o te TPU. Mai i ngā raraunga i te pikitia i raro nei, ka kite tātou he pai ake te kaha kume me te roa o te TPU momo polyether i ērā o te kirihou me te rapa polyvinyl chloride.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea e te TPU te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o te umanga kai me te iti, te kore rānei o ngā tāpiringa i tāpirihia i te wā tukatuka, he mea uaua hoki tēnei ki ētahi atu rauemi pēnei i te PVC me te rapa.
He tino tairongo te manawanui ki te pāmahana
Ko te pakari o te TPU e pā ana ki te tere o tōna hokinga mai ki tōna āhua taketake i muri i te whakamāmātanga o te ahotea whakarerekētanga, e whakaatuhia ana hei pūngao whakaora, arā, te ōwehenga o te mahi whakahoki whakarerekētanga ki te mahi e hiahiatia ana hei whakaputa i te whakarerekētanga. He mahi tēnei nā te modulus hihiri me te waku ā-roto o te tinana pīngore, ā, he tino tairongo ki te pāmahana.
Ka heke te hoki whakamuri i te hekenga o te pāmahana tae noa ki tētahi pāmahana, ā, ka tere te piki anō o te ngāwari. Ko tēnei pāmahana te pāmahana whakatioata o te wāhanga ngohengohe, e whakatauhia ana e te hanganga o te macromolecular diol. He iti iho te momo TPU polyether i te momo TPU polyester. I ngā pāmahana i raro iho i te pāmahana whakatioata, ka tino mārō te elastomer, ā, ka ngaro tōna ngāwari. Nō reira, he rite te ngāwari ki te hoki whakamuri mai i te mata o te konganuku mārō.
Ko te awhe pakeke ko Shore A60-D80
Ko te mārō he tohu mō te kaha o tētahi rauemi ki te ātete i te hurihanga, te ngako, me te rakuraku.
Ko te tikanga ka inehia te pakeke o te TPU mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu whakamātautau pakeke o Shore A me Shore D, ko Shore A ka whakamahia mō ngā TPU ngawari, ko Shore D ka whakamahia mō ngā TPU pakeke.
Ka taea te whakarite i te pakeketanga o te TPU mā te whakarite i te ōwehenga o ngā wāhanga mekameka ngohengohe me te mekameka mārō. Nō reira, he whānui te awhe pakeketanga o te TPU, mai i Shore A60-D80, e kapi ana i te pakeketanga o te rapa me te kirihou, ā, he tino ngāwari puta noa i te awhe pakeketanga katoa.
I te rerekētanga o te pakeketanga, ka rerekē pea ētahi āhuatanga o te TPU. Hei tauira, mā te whakanui ake i te pakeketanga o te TPU ka hua ake he huringa mahi pērā i te pikinga o te modulus tensile me te kaha haehae, te pikinga o te pakari me te ahotea pēhanga (te kaha kawenga), te hekenga o te roa, te pikinga o te mātotoru me te whakaputa wera hihiri, me te pikinga o te ātete taiao.
5, Te Whakamahinga o te TPU
Hei elastomer pai rawa atu, he whānuitia ngā huarahi hua o te TPU, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā mea e hiahiatia ana i ia rā, i ngā taonga hākinakina, i ngā taonga takaro, i ngā rauemi whakapaipai, me ētahi atu mara.
Ngā rauemi hu
Ko te TPU te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana mō ngā rauemi hu nā tōna ngāwari me tōna ātete ki te kakahu. He pai ake te mau i ngā hua hu kei roto te TPU i ngā hua hu noa, nō reira he whānui ake te whakamahinga i roto i ngā hua hu papai, inā koa ko ētahi hu hākinakina me ngā hu noa.
ngongo wai
Nā tōna ngawari, tōna kaha kume, tōna kaha pānga, me tōna ātete ki ngā pāmahana teitei me ngā pāmahana iti, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ngā ngongo TPU i Haina hei ngongo hau me te hinu mō ngā taputapu mīhini pēnei i te waka rererangi, ngā tāke, ngā motuka, ngā motopaika, me ngā taputapu mīhini.
taura
Ka whakaratohia e te TPU te ātete ki te haehae, te ātete ki te kakahu, me ngā āhuatanga piko, ko te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei me te pāmahana iti te mea nui ki te mahi a te taura. Nō reira, i roto i te mākete Haina, ka whakamahia e ngā taura matatau pēnei i ngā taura whakahaere me ngā taura hiko ngā TPU hei tiaki i ngā rauemi paninga o ngā hoahoa taura uaua, ā, kei te whānui haere te whakamahinga o aua tono.
Ngā taputapu hauora
He rauemi whakakapi PVC haumaru, pumau, kounga teitei hoki te TPU, kāore e whai Phthalate me ētahi atu matū kino, ā, ka heke ki te toto, ki ētahi atu wai rānei i roto i te catheter hauora, i te putea hauora rānei, ka puta ai ngā pānga taha. He TPU kounga extrusion me te werohanga motuhake anō hoki.
kiriata
He kiriata angiangi te kiriata TPU i hangaia mai i te rauemi TPU mā roto i ngā tukanga motuhake pēnei i te hurihuri, te whakarewa, te pupuhi, me te paninga. Nā te kaha nui, te ātete ki te kakahu, te ngāwari pai, me te ātete ki te huarere, he whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā kiriata TPU i roto i ngā ahumahi, ngā rauemi hū, te whakakakahu kākahu, te motuka, te matū, te hiko, te hauora, me ētahi atu mara.
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-05-2020